Tag: Kazakhstan

As part of the continuing celebration of the 95th anniversary of S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University and the 90th anniversary of Professor S.K. Kaishybayev’s legacy, the Department of Neurology at KazNMU hosted an educational seminar focused on spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) in adolescents and adults. The event took place on June 12–13 and was held within the framework of a cascade training initiative aimed at improving practical healthcare, in alignment with the Roadmap for Enhancing Neurological Care for the Adult Population of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan (No. 03324, dated January 23, 2025).

The seminar was organized with the support of the “Association of Neurologists” of Kazakhstan and the Institute of Continuing Professional Education at KazNMU.

Understanding Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA)

Spinal muscular atrophies (SMA) comprise a group of inherited neuromuscular disorders characterized by progressive degeneration of motor neurons in the anterior horns of the spinal cord and brainstem motor nuclei, leading to muscle weakness and atrophy. While SMA typically presents in infancy or childhood, there are adult-onset forms that emerge between the ages of 30 and 60 and progress slowly, primarily affecting proximal muscle groups. Diagnosis is confirmed through genetic testing. Notably, despite the physical decline, patients with SMA retain normal intellectual function.

Seminar Highlights

The seminar was led by Dr. S.T. Turuspekova, Head of the Department of Neurology at KazNMU, together with Prof. G.A. Mukhambetova, Assoc. Prof. R.B. Nurzhanova, Dr. N.A. Zharkynbekova (Head of the Department of Neurology, Psychiatry, Neurorehabilitation and Neurosurgery, South Kazakhstan Medical Academy), and Dr. B.D. Myrzalieva (Senior Lecturer, Department of Neurology, Kazakh-Russian Medical University).

Key topics discussed during the seminar included:

• Epidemiology and diagnostic approaches to SMA
• Common misdiagnoses masking SMA cases
• Advances in pathogenetic therapy
• Recent data on treatment response evaluation
• Intrathecal drug administration and its therapeutic advantages
• The importance of continuity in care and a multidisciplinary approach to treatment

The program also featured detailed case studies, video and photo materials from the personal archives of the speakers, and hands-on training in the functional assessment of SMA patients. Participants practiced using standardized tools such as RULM, HFMSE, and the 6MWT. A live demonstration was conducted with a real patient who had given prior consent to participate in the training.

Participant Feedback

A total of 25 neurologists from various regions across Kazakhstan—including Kokshetau, Astana, Kostanay, Kyzylorda, Shymkent, Zhetysu, Aktobe, Taraz, Semey, Shu, Petropavlovsk, and Almaty—attended the seminar. The attendees praised the high level of professionalism and expertise of the speakers and emphasized the importance of such educational events in raising awareness and enhancing care standards for patients with SMA across the country.

The Department of Nervous Diseases at S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University continues its series of educational events dedicated to the university’s 95th anniversary and the 90th anniversary of the memory of Professor S.K. Kaishibayev. On June 17, 2025, a master class was held in the city of Aktau as part of the cascade training method for practical healthcare professionals. The event was implemented in accordance with the Roadmap for Improving Neurological Care for the Adult Population of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2025–2027 (No. 03324 dated January 23, 2025). The session was supported by the “Association of Neurologists” of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Health Department of the Mangystau Region, and the Mangystau Regional Multidisciplinary Hospital.

The master class was conducted by Professor G.A. Mukhambetova and Associate Professor R.B. Nurzhanova from the Department of Nervous Diseases at KazNMU. During the event, participants were introduced to the key diagnostic criteria for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), as well as the possibilities for comprehensive treatment, rehabilitation, and long-term monitoring of adult patients with SMA using international clinical assessment tools, including the Revised Upper Limb Module (RULM), Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale Expanded (HFMSE), and the 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT). The educational program aimed to enhance the qualifications of physicians working with patients suffering from rare neurological diseases. Particular focus was given to modern approaches in evaluating motor function, planning therapy, and monitoring treatment effectiveness.

The management of adult patients with SMA is gaining increasing importance in today’s neurological and multidisciplinary practice. This growing relevance is driven by several factors. Advances in early diagnosis and the introduction of effective disease-modifying therapies—such as nusinersen, risdiplam, and onasemnogene abeparvovec—have significantly improved life expectancy, particularly for individuals with SMA types I and II. As a result, more patients are living into adulthood, necessitating a transition in care from pediatric to adult services.

However, adult healthcare systems have not always been fully prepared for this shift. Historically seen as a pediatric disorder, SMA often leaves adult patients “in the gap” following adolescence, without structured continuity of care between pediatric and adult neurologists. This can lead to disruptions in medical supervision, deterioration in clinical condition, and the loss of previously achieved functional progress.

In adults, the clinical course of SMA tends to differ from that in children. Disease progression is slower but still marked by a steady decline in function, along with orthopedic complications, respiratory impairments, and decreased endurance. There is often a psychological and emotional burden due to social isolation and reduced quality of life. These unique challenges call for a systematic and holistic monitoring approach, including the use of validated international functional scales, regular assessment of respiratory function, digestive health, nutritional status, pain levels, and psychosocial adaptation. Effective care requires the involvement of a multidisciplinary team including neurologists, pulmonologists, orthopedists, nutritionists, psychologists, and other specialists.

Access to treatment remains a critical issue, with many adult patients still facing barriers due to age, disease stage, or insufficient physician awareness. Nonetheless, adults have the same right to full-scale care and therapy as pediatric patients. Social and vocational rehabilitation is also vital. Given the chronic nature of SMA, support must go beyond medical treatment to include assistance with education, employment, accessible environments, personal development, and mental well-being.

Participants in the master class emphasized that the training marked a significant step forward in strengthening expert care for adults with SMA in Kazakhstan. “We not only mastered international assessment tools,” one attendee shared, “but also discussed how to apply them in real-world clinical settings. This will allow us to more accurately track disease progression and tailor treatment strategies to each patient.” The knowledge gained from the session is expected to be incorporated into the practice of specialized medical centers and form the basis for a multidisciplinary approach to adult SMA care across the country.

On April 7, 2025, in celebration of World Health Day, the S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University (KazNMU) once again demonstrated its role as a national leader in promoting a culture of wellness and active living. In a vibrant and uplifting series of events, the university brought together students, faculty, and healthcare professionals in a shared commitment to health — not only as a field of study, but as a lived, everyday practice.

From the early hours of the morning, Karagaily Park and the square in front of the Rector’s Office were filled with energy, music, and movement. Participants of all ages and roles within the university community — from enthusiastic students to professors and staff — came together in a dynamic flashmob-style morning workout. This lively gathering created a powerful atmosphere of unity, motivation, and vitality. With every synchronized stretch and coordinated movement, the event sent a strong message: that health is born in motion, that energy arises from community, and that wellness is a habit, not a coincidence.

The initiative didn’t stop in the central locations. Across all university clinics, healthcare professionals stepped out of their usual settings and into open public spaces to participate in morning workouts of their own. Dressed in scrubs, lab coats, and sportswear, they proved by example that even those who care for others must care for themselves first. These outdoor activities weren’t just symbolic — they were sincere efforts to model a lifestyle that prioritizes health as a conscious, daily choice. By doing so, they reminded the public that medical professionals are not only caregivers but also role models in the ongoing pursuit of wellness.

At KazNMU, the message is clear: health is not just something we talk about — it’s something we embody. Sport is more than just physical movement; it is a path toward resilience, clarity, and sustainability, both personally and professionally. This understanding is deeply rooted in the university’s philosophy, where education and healthy living go hand in hand. The World Health Day celebration served not only as an opportunity to raise awareness but also as an invitation to make movement a meaningful and lasting part of everyday life.

This day also served as a reminder that, in a world increasingly dominated by screens and sedentary routines, the simple act of moving our bodies together can be revolutionary. It is a way of reclaiming energy, reconnecting with ourselves, and reinforcing a shared commitment to a better, healthier future. Each participant, through their presence and effort, contributed to something greater — a collective spirit that transcends a single day or event.

KazNMU extends its sincere gratitude to everyone who joined this initiative, who inspired others by showing up, and who proved that change begins with small, consistent actions. The hope is that this celebration will spark a new tradition — one that replaces passivity with purpose, and routine with ritual. Let this morning’s workout be more than a memory; let it be the beginning of a movement — one that continues to grow with each step, stretch, and smile.

Today, KazNMU didn’t just host an event. It set a rhythm. A rhythm of responsibility, of unity, of proactive care for the body and mind. The university reminded everyone that health is not seasonal or situational — it is the foundation of everything else we strive for. Through shared movement and mutual support, KazNMU painted a vivid picture of what a healthy nation can look like — one step, one heartbeat, one community at a time.

As World Health Day comes to a close, what remains is the uplifting energy of participation, the joy of movement, and the shared hope that this momentum will carry forward into every day that follows. May this event be remembered not only as a celebration but as a call — a personal victory over inertia, and a collective step toward a future where health is lived, not just learned.

Department of Nervous Diseases of Asfendiyarov KazNMU continues its series of educational events for healthcare practitioners dedicated to the 95th anniversary of our esteemed university and the 90th anniversary of Professor S.K. Kaishibaev’s memory.

On February 20, a webinar on the topic “The Role of Adjuvants in Pain Syndrome Therapy” was held for neurologists, general practitioners, therapists, and residents. The webinar was conducted by the Head of the Department of Nervous Diseases at KazNMU, Chief Neurologist of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Turupekova S.T.

The definition of pain provided by experts from the International Association for the Study of Pain is as follows: “An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage or described in terms of such damage.”

Pain can occur not only due to tissue damage but even in the absence of any damage, highlighting the significant role of psychological factors in the formation and maintenance of pain.

Pain syndromes occupy a predominant position in the structure of neurological and rheumatological diseases. Pain is the most common reason for patients seeking emergency medical care—accounting for 52% of cases. However, 30% to 80% of patients do not receive adequate pain relief.

Back pain remains a leading cause in the structure of non-infectious diseases regarding years of life lost due to persistent health deterioration. It is one of the most common complaints among working-age individuals. Throughout life, dorsalgia occurs in 70–90% of the population in developed countries and is noted annually in 20–25% of people. Dorsalgia, or back pain, is a clinical syndrome caused by various factors. Pain can result from diseases and injuries of the discs (disc protrusion, herniation) and intervertebral joints (facet joint osteoarthritis), among other conditions.

The number of people experiencing back pain has risen dramatically in recent decades, making it the most common complaint worldwide. Most domestic and international studies indicate no clear link between the severity of degenerative-dystrophic morphological changes in the spine and the presence or intensity of back pain. Notably, MRI findings of intervertebral disc pathology are often observed in healthy individuals, and clinical studies have repeatedly shown that detecting pathological changes in intervertebral discs does not necessarily predispose individuals to back pain over time. Importantly, inadequate or delayed treatment of acute pain can lead to its transformation into chronic pain and the development of pain behavior, perpetuating and sustaining the pain cycle, ultimately leading to patient maladaptation.

What is an Adjuvant?

The term translates to “helping” or “supporting.” In other words, it refers to a substance or combination of substances used to enhance a response. Adjuvant therapy can have two meanings:

1. Serving as assistance or support: auxiliary.

2. Enhancing the effectiveness of medical treatment.

The first use of adjuvant therapy was by American oncologist Emil Frei in the early 1970s. He administered a course of postoperative chemotherapy to a patient with bone sarcoma. The experiment was successful, and today adjuvant therapy is part of treatment protocols for many oncological diseases.

In modern medicine, adjuvant medications are an integral part of pain syndrome therapy, helping to increase treatment effectiveness, reduce the dosage of primary analgesics, and minimize side effects. During the event, Saule Turuspekova provided a detailed explanation of the mechanisms of action of adjuvants, their role in comprehensive pain management, and their application for various pathological conditions.

Key questions discussed included:

• What groups of drugs are considered adjuvants, and how do they work?

• When and for whom should adjuvant therapy be prescribed?

• Current scientific data and clinical guidelines on the use of adjuvants.

The webinar was attended live by 80 specialists from various regions, and a recording of the webinar is also available for viewing.

The webinar was held with informational support from Unipharm and the MedQ Kazakhstan platform.